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Copart and IAAI damage labels: what each one means and what it does not tell you

Front End, Side, Minor Dent/Scratches, Undercarriage, Mechanical, Vandalism, Biohazard, Stripped and other labels: what usually stands behind them and what to check on the photos.

VinWind · Updated · Illustration: 3D model, not a photo of a real car

The Primary Damage label is one or two words an auction inspector picked from a list. It tells you where the main damage is, not how deep it goes. Secondary Damage adds a second zone. Everything else has to be read from the photos.

Labels by impact zone

Copart and IAAI wording differs slightly; the meaning is the same
LabelMeaningWhat to check
Front EndFront impactHood and fender gaps, headlights, radiators, airbags. See Front End damage
Rear EndRear impactRear panel, trunk floor, rear rails, trunk lid. See Rear impact
Side / Left Side / Right SideSide impactPillars, sill, doors, side airbags and curtains. Side is counted from the driver's seat. See Side impact
Top/RoofRoof damageWhat fell on the roof or whether it rolled; pillars and windshield
RolloverThe car rolled overRoof, all pillars, glass, curtain airbags. Usually several zones at once
All OverDamage all over the bodySeveral impacts or a rollover; geometry is in question
UndercarriageUnderbodySubframe, fuel tank, exhaust, control arms; on EVs, the battery
Front & RearFront and rear impactsOften a chain collision: check both sets of rails

Labels by cause of damage

These labels describe the cause, not the zone
LabelMeaningRisk
Minor Dent/ScratchesSmall dents and scratchesLowest visible risk, but it is the inspector's subjective call
Normal WearNormal wearNo accident, often a lease return or trade-in. Mileage and interior condition matter more
HailHailMany dents on horizontal panels. See Hail
Water/FloodWaterDelayed electrical faults and corrosion. See Flooded car
Burn / Burn – Engine / Burn – InteriorFireWiring, plastics, glass. See Fire
MechanicalMechanical faultEngine, transmission or drivetrain; the body may be intact
ElectricalElectrical faultThe cause is usually not given: anything from the battery to a control module
VandalismVandalismScratches, broken glass, cut upholstery
StrippedStrippedMissing parts: wheels, lights, seats, modules. Count what is not on the photos
Biohazard/ChemicalBiological or chemical contaminationThe interior needs special cleaning or new upholstery
Theft RecoveryStolen and recoveredParts may be missing, ignition may be damaged
Replaced VINVIN plate replacedLegal risk for registration: check documents before bidding

What the label does not tell you

  • Depth. Front End is used both for a scratched bumper and for a car with deployed airbags and a broken frame rail.
  • Hidden damage. It shows only through indirect signs: gaps, misalignment, deployed airbags.
  • Damage outside the two main zones. A third zone does not go into the label.
  • Powertrain condition. There are separate fields for that, see Run and Drive and Engine Start.

How to read the lot card as a whole

The order is: Primary and Secondary give the zones, the start status gives the powertrain, the title gives the legal status (see Titles), and the photos give the depth. Individual terms on the card are explained in How to read a damage description.